Hauv kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no thiab cov chaw soj ntsuam, kev ruaj khov tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Nrog rau cov cai ib puag ncig nruj dua thiab kev tsom mus rau kev ntsuab thoob ntiaj teb, cov lag luam tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txo cov khoom pov tseg thiab kev ua qias tuaj rau ib puag ncig.

Cov vials scintillation, ua ib qho khoom siv dav dav hauv chav kuaj mob, feem ntau yog siv rau kev khaws cov qauv radioactive thiab kev suav cov kua scintillation.Cov fwj tshuaj scintillation no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm iav lossis yas thiab feem ntau yog siv ib zaug xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev coj ua no tsim cov khib nyiab ntau heev hauv chav kuaj thiab kuj ua rau cov nqi khiav lag luam nce ntxiv.

Yog li ntawd, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb heev los tshawb nrhiav cov kev xaiv rau cov vials scintillation rov siv tau.

Teeb Meem Nrog Cov Vials Scintillation Ib Txwm Muaj

Txawm hais tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov vials scintillation hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj mob, lawv cov qauv siv ib zaug xwb ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem ib puag ncig thiab cov peev txheej. Cov hauv qab no yog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov vials scintillation ib txwm muaj:

1. Kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig ntawm kev siv ib zaug xwb

• Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khib nyiabCov chaw kuaj mob siv ntau lub raj mis scintillation txhua hnub hauv cov chaw uas muaj cov qauv radioactive, kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj lom neeg lossis kev tshawb fawb txog kab mob, thiab cov raj mis no feem ntau raug pov tseg tom qab siv, ua rau muaj cov khib nyiab hauv chaw kuaj mob sib sau ua ke sai sai.
• Teeb meem kev ua qias tuajVim tias cov fwj tshuaj scintillation yuav muaj cov khoom siv radioactive, cov tshuaj reagents lossis cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg, ntau lub tebchaws xav kom cov fwj tshuaj pov tseg no raug pov tseg raws li cov txheej txheem pov tseg phom sij tshwj xeeb.

2. Kev siv cov khoom siv iav thiab yas

• Tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov iav scintillation vials: iav yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau, nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv kub yaj thiab siv zog ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov hnyav ntau dua ntawm iav ua rau muaj pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv thaum thauj mus los.
• Tus nqi ib puag ncig ntawm cov yas scintillation vialsNtau lub chaw soj nstuam siv cov vials scintillation ua los ntawm yas, uas vam khom cov peev txheej roj av rau lawv cov khoom tsim tawm, nrog rau cov yas uas muaj lub voj voog decomposition ntev heev, uas yog qhov hnyav dua rau ib puag ncig.

3. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev pov tseg thiab kev rov ua dua tshiab

• Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev cais thiab rov ua dua tshiabCov fwj tshuaj scintillation uas siv lawm feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj radioactivity lossis cov tshuaj uas ua rau lawv nyuaj rau rov siv dua los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab.
• Cov Nqi Pov Tseg SiabVim yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua raws li txoj cai, ntau lub chaw soj nstuam yuav tsum tuaj rau lub tuam txhab pov tseg cov khib nyiab phom sij tshwj xeeb kom pov tseg cov fwj pov tseg no, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov nqi khiav lag luam nce ntxiv xwb tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntxiv rau ib puag ncig.

Cov qauv siv ib zaug xwb ntawm cov vials scintillation ib txwm muaj kev nyuaj siab rau ib puag ncig thiab cov peev txheej hauv ntau txoj kev. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev siv rov qab tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo cov khib nyiab hauv chaw kuaj mob, txo kev siv cov peev txheej thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov.

Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Rau Cov Vials Scintillation Rov Siv Tau Dua

Txhawm rau kom txo cov khib nyiab hauv chaw kuaj mob, siv cov peev txheej kom zoo tshaj plaws, thiab txo cov nqi khiav lag luam, cov zej zog tshawb fawb tab tom tshawb nrhiav cov kev xaiv siv cov vials scintillation uas siv tau dua. Qhov kev tshawb nrhiav no tsom mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv, kev ntxuav thiab kev tua kab mob, thiab kev ua kom cov txheej txheem hauv chaw kuaj mob zoo tshaj plaws.

1. Kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv

Kev siv cov khoom siv ruaj khov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv dua ntawm cov vials scintillation.

• Cov iav ruaj khov dua lossis cov yas muaj zog duaCov iav scintillation ib txwm muaj cov khoom tawg yooj yim, thiab cov yas scintillation vials yuav lwj vim yog kev tawm tsam los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim cov khoom siv uas tiv taus kev cuam tshuam thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua, xws li iav borosilicate lossis cov yas tsim, tuaj yeem txhim kho lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov fwj iav.
• Cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau zaus ntxuav thiab ua kom huv: Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub siab, cov kua qaub thiab alkalis muaj zog, thiab kev laus kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tseem ruaj khov rau lub cev thiab tshuaj tom qab ntau lub voj voog ntawm kev siv. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub siab thiab siab sterilization lossis kev ntxuav oxidative muaj zog tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov kev siv rov qab.

2. Kev siv tshuab ntxuav thiab tua kab mob

Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov fwj tshuaj scintillation uas siv tau dua tshiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sim, yuav tsum siv cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab tua kab mob zoo.

• Kev siv cov tshuab ntxuav tsis siv neeg: Cov chaw soj nstuam tuaj yeem qhia txog cov tshuab ntxuav tsis siv neeg tshwj xeeb hauv cov vials ua ke nrog kev ntxuav ultrasonic, kev ntxuav dej kub siab lossis kev ntxuav tshuaj lom neeg kom tshem tawm cov qauv seem.
• Kev ntxuav tshuaj lom neegpiv txwv li siv cov kua qaub-puag, cov neeg sawv cev oxidizing lossis cov kua enzyme, yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev yaj cov organic matter lossis tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg seem.
• Kev ntxuav lub cev: piv txwv li ultrasonic, autoclave sterilization, uas txo cov kev siv tshuaj reagents thiab yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntau dua, tsim rau cov chaw kuaj mob uas muaj kev xav tau siab.
• Kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab ntxuav tsis muaj cov khoom seem: rau cov qauv radioactive lossis kev sim siab, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab ua kom huv si zoo dua (piv txwv li, kev ntxuav plasma, kev puas tsuaj photocatalytic) tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv cov vials dua.

3. Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv chav kuaj

Cov fwj tshuaj uas siv tau dua ib leeg xwb tsis txaus kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj kev ruaj khov, thiab cov chaw soj nstuam yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua lawv cov txheej txheem siv kom ntseeg tau tias siv tau dua.

• Txais yuav ib txoj kev siv dua tshiab thiab siv dua tshiab uas tau teev tsegTsim kom muaj ib txoj kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj mob rau kev tswj hwm kev siv dua tshiab, kev cais tawm, kev ntxuav thiab kev siv dua cov fwj kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv hnyav ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev sim.
• Xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev sib kis kab mob: cov chaw soj nstuam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj ib lub kaw lus tswj xyuas zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov vials rau cov ntaub ntawv sim, xws li kev siv cov lej bar lossis RFID rau kev tswj xyuas kev taug qab.
• Kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luamTshuaj xyuas qhov kev nqis peev thawj zaug (piv txwv li, kev yuav khoom siv, cov nqi ntxuav) thiab cov txiaj ntsig mus sij hawm ntev (piv txwv li, txo cov nqi yuav khoom, txo cov nqi pov tseg) ntawm qhov kev pab cuam cov fwj rov siv tau dua kom ntseeg tau tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv, kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab tua kab mob, thiab kev tswj hwm chav kuaj mob, cov tshuaj scintillation vials uas siv tau dua tshiab tau zoo hauv kev txo cov khib nyiab hauv chav kuaj mob, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm chav kuaj mob. Cov kev tshawb nrhiav no yuav muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov chav kuaj mob ntsuab yav tom ntej.

Kev Ua Tau Zoo

1. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam

• Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ib puag ncigTxo kev siv cov yas thiab iav uas siv ib zaug xwb, txo cov pa roj carbon ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob. Txo cov nqi pov tseg pov tseg thiab txo kev cia siab rau cov chaw pov tseg khib nyiab thiab cov chaw hlawv khib nyiab. Txo kev tsim cov khib nyiab txaus ntshai (piv txwv li, cov pa phem radioactive lossis tshuaj lom neeg) thiab ua kom cov chaw kuaj mob ua raws li ib puag ncig ntau dua.
• Cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luamTxawm hais tias muaj kev nqis peev ua ntej rau cov khoom siv ntxuav thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm zoo tshaj plaws, cov nqi yuav khoom siv hauv chaw kuaj mob tuaj yeem txo tau 40-60% hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Kev txo cov nqi pov tseg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tswj hwm cov khib nyiab phom sij. Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab txo lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev sim los ntawm kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tswj hwm chaw kuaj mob.
• ISO14001 (Lub Txheej Txheem Tswj Xyuas Ib Puag Ncig)Ntau lub chaw soj nstuam tab tom txav mus rau kev ua raws li tus qauv ISO14001, uas txhawb kom txo cov khib nyiab hauv chaw soj nstuam thiab kev siv cov peev txheej zoo tshaj plaws. Cov kev pab cuam vials rov siv tau ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov no ntawm lub kaw lus tswj hwm.
• GMP (Kev Xyaum Tsim Khoom Zoo) thiab GLP (Kev Xyaum Ua Haujlwm Zoo hauv Chaw Kuaj Mob)Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab hauv cov chaw soj nstuam tshawb fawb, kev siv dua cov khoom siv yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv kev ntxuav thiab kev lees paub nruj. Cov raj mis rov siv dua tau ua tau raws li cov kev cai tswj hwm zoo no los ntawm kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob hauv kev tshawb fawb, nrog rau cov txheej txheem taug qab cov ntaub ntawv.
• Cov Cai Tswjfwm Pov Tseg Phom Sij Hauv TebchawsNtau lub tebchaws tau tsim cov cai tswjfwm pov tseg hauv chaw kuaj mob uas nruj dua, xws li RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC) hauv EU, uas txhawb kom txo cov khib nyiab txaus ntshai, thiab qhov kev pab cuam vials rov siv tau yog raws li qhov sib txawv no.

Qhov kev pab cuam siv cov vials scintillation rov qab tau muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev tswj hwm tus nqi nyiaj txiag, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chav kuaj mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam thiab cov cai tswjfwm muab kev taw qhia thiab kev tiv thaiv rau kev txhim kho cov kev sim uas ruaj khov. Yav tom ntej, nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thiab ntau lub chaw kuaj mob koom nrog, qhov sib txawv no yuav dhau los ua qhov qub tshiab hauv kev lag luam chav kuaj mob.

Kev Cia Siab thiab Kev Cov Teeb Meem Yav Tom Ntej

Qhov kev pab cuam siv tau cov vials scintillation uas siv tau dua yuav raug siv dav dua thaum lub tswv yim ntawm kev ruaj khov hauv chav kuaj mob nce qib. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj teeb meem kev siv tshuab, kab lis kev cai thiab kev cai lij choj hauv kev siv. Cov lus qhia yav tom ntej yuav tsom mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv, kev nce qib hauv kev ntxuav thiab kev siv tshuab automation, thiab kev txhim kho hauv kev tswj hwm chav kuaj mob thiab cov qauv kev lag luam.

1. Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Siv Tshuab

Yuav kom txhim kho qhov ua tau ntawm cov fwj tshuaj uas siv tau dua, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis yav tom ntej yuav tsom mus rau cov hauv qab no:

• Kev txhim kho cov khoom sivTsim cov iav lossis cov yas engineering uas ruaj khov dua, xws li cov iav kov-silicate uas muaj zog heev, PFA uas tiv taus kub thiab tshuaj lom neeg (fluoroplastic), thiab lwm yam, kom txhim kho lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov vials.
• Kev Siv Tshuab Ntxuav thiab Ua Kom Tsis Muaj Kab Mob ZooYav tom ntej, cov ntaub ntawv nano-txheej txheem tuaj yeem siv los ua kom phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm cov vials ntau hydrophobic lossis oleophobic kom txo cov khoom seem. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li kev ntxuav plasma, kev puas tsuaj photocatalytic, thiab kev ntxuav kua supercritical tuaj yeem siv rau cov txheej txheem ntxuav hauv chaw kuaj mob.
• Cov tshuab ntxuav thiab taug qab tsis siv neegCov chaw soj nstuam yav tom ntej yuav siv cov txheej txheem tswj hwm ntse, xws li cov txheej txheem ntxuav robotic, cov kab tua kab mob tsis siv neeg, thiab suav nrog RFID lossis QR code taug qab kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv, kev ntxuav, thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm txhua lub raj mis tuaj yeem saib xyuas tau tiag tiag.

2. Kab lis kev cai hauv chaw kuaj mob thiab teeb meem kev lees txais

Txawm hais tias kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis tau ua rau cov tshuaj siv tau dua tshiab los ntawm cov vials scintillation, kev hloov pauv hauv kev coj noj coj ua hauv chav kuaj thiab kev siv tseem yog ib qho kev cov nyom:

• Kev hloov kho cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mobCov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj mob yuav nyiam siv cov khoom siv pov tseg thiab txhawj xeeb tias kev siv cov fwj iav rov qab siv dua yuav cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim lossis ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv. Kev cob qhia thiab kev ua kom raug cai yav tom ntej yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qub.
• Kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib kis kab mobCov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj mob yuav txhawj xeeb tias cov vials scintillation uas siv dua tshiab yuav ua rau cov qauv kuaj muaj kuab paug lossis cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem ntxuav, tua kab mob, thiab lees paub kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo sib xws li cov vials scintillation pov tseg.
• Cov Kev Xav Txog Tus Nqi thiab Cov Nyiaj Rov Qab Los Ntawm Kev Nqis PeevTej zaum yuav muaj ntau lub chaw soj nstuam txhawj xeeb txog tus nqi siab ntawm kev nqis peev ua ntej, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum muab daim ntawv qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luam uas qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm kev txuag nyiaj mus sij hawm ntev kom nce kev lees txais los ntawm kev tswj hwm chaw soj nstuam.

3. Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov qauv kev cai lij choj thiab kev nyab xeeb

Tam sim no, kev tswj hwm tus qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj uas siv tau dua tseem nyob rau theem pib, thiab cov cai thiab cov qauv kev lag luam yav tom ntej yuav raug tsim kho kom nruj dua thiab txhim kho dua:
Kev tsim cov qauv zoo rau cov vials scintillation uas siv tau dua: Yuav tsum tsim cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb lossis cov qauv kev lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv dua.

• Kev ua raws li chav kuaj thiab cov kev cai lij chojHauv cov lag luam uas muaj kev nyab xeeb siab, xws li tshuaj, kev kuaj zaub mov, thiab kev sim tshuaj radiological, cov koom haum tswj hwm yuav tsum tau piav qhia meej txog qhov dav ntawm kev siv, kev ntxuav, thiab kev ua raws li cov vials rov siv tau.
• Txhawb kom muaj daim ntawv pov thawj chaw kuaj mob ntsuabYav tom ntej, tsoomfwv lossis cov koom haum lag luam yuav siv cov txheej txheem pov thawj chaw kuaj mob ntsuab los txhawb kom muaj kev siv cov kev daws teeb meem chaw kuaj mob uas ruaj khov rau ib puag ncig, suav nrog kev txo cov yas siv ib zaug xwb, kev tswj cov khib nyiab kom zoo dua, thiab kev nce qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov khoom siv rov siv dua.

Xaus lus

Hauv kev loj hlob uas kev ruaj khov hauv chav kuaj mob yog qhov txhawj xeeb zuj zus, cov tshuaj siv rov qab tau hauv lub raj mis scintillation tau ua pov thawj tias ua tau raws li kev siv tshuab thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau ib puag ncig, kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj mob.

Kev ruaj khov ntawm chav kuaj mob tsis yog tsuas yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev xav txog lub luag haujlwm thiab cov txiaj ntsig mus sij hawm ntev.

Yav tom ntej, cov vials scintillation uas siv tau dua yuav raug xaiv los ua qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv chav kuaj mob vim tias thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus thiab cov qauv kev lag luam tau txhim kho. Los ntawm kev siv cov tswv yim tswj kev siv khoom hauv chav kuaj mob uas zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, cov chav kuaj mob yuav tsis tsuas yog txo lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig xwb, tab sis kuj txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab tsav kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam mus rau qhov kev coj ua ruaj khov dua.